Characteristics of complex therapy in the treatment of hip joint arthrosis

Osteoarthritis of the hip joint is a complex pathology that can cause dangerous health consequences.

To slow down its development and cope with dangerous symptoms, you should go to the doctor in time. The specialist will make the correct diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment.

Clinical appearance and pathology classification

The pathology is progressive in nature and is associated with the destruction of the bones and cartilage of the hip joint. In medicine, this disorder is often called coxarthrosis. It is classified in ICD-10 under code M16.

Most often, the pathology appears in people over 40 years old, and women are more susceptible to it.

In elderly people, the disease is associated with the natural aging of the body. In young people, the cause of the development of the disease can be traumatic injuries, excess weight, increased physical activity.

In the initial stage of the disease, periodic pains appear in the joint area. Without adequate therapy, the disease progresses, which can cause disability.

Causes and provoking factors

The pathology has a gradual development and is associated with various factors. The following factors lead to the appearance of the disease:

1. Hormonal imbalance - can be age-related or pathological.
2. Violation of blood flow - occurs as a result of injuries, increased physical strain, vascular pathologies.
3. Inflammation - can be seen with arthritis.
4. Excess weight - increased loads on the hip joint provokes its compression and destruction.
5. Genetic predisposition - disorders in the structure of the femoral head often lead to arthrosis.
6. Increased physical activity - rarely provokes arthrosis, but can accelerate the onset of the disease with other negative factors.
7. Traumatic injuries - these include sprains, fractures, dislocations.

Stages and types of arthrosis

There are several stages in the development of pathology:

1. The first stage - in this stage unpleasant sensations appear periodically. Provocative factor is prolonged physical activity. After a short rest, the discomfort subsides.
2. The second stage - the pain in the hip joint increases, affecting the groin and thigh. Discomfort appears even at rest. After a long movement, lameness appears. At this stage, joint function suffers, its motor activity decreases. Contractions develop gradually, muscle strength and mass decrease.
3. The third stage - the pain syndrome is permanent and appears even at night. Walking without a cane is very difficult. Movements are disturbed and severely limited, there is hypotrophy of the muscles of the buttocks, thighs and lower leg. When moving, a person should lean on the toes and lean on the injured side.
4. Fourth stage - in this stage, the hip joint completely loses motor activity.

Symptoms and manifestations

With the development of this type of arthrosis, the following manifestations appear:

1. Severe pain in the area of the affected joint and knees. Also, discomfort may occur in the groin. The pain is constantly present. As the disease worsens, it affects the legs.
2. Violation of motor activity. Excruciating pain syndrome disrupts a person's ability to move. In this situation, he must use a cane or crutches.
3. Shortening of the affected limb.
4. The limp.
5. A crackling in the joints that occurs with every movement.
6. Rigidity of movements.
7. Atrophy of muscle tissue in the thigh area - detected by X-ray.

Methods for diagnosing the hip joint

When making a diagnosis, the doctor takes into account the clinical manifestations of the pathology, the anamnesis, the results of an external examination of the patient and instrumental studies.

To make an accurate diagnosis, perform the following studies:

1. Analysis of patient complaints and external examination of the injured area.
2. X-rays - with its help it is possible to identify the size of the joint space, bone growths, etc.
3. Ultrasound procedure.
4. Blood tests.
5. Magnetic resonance imaging.

If necessary, the inner surface of the joint is examined using arthroscopic instruments. Differential diagnosis is performed to exclude gonarthrosis, lumbosacral or thoracic osteochondrosis. Pain in arthrosis can be masked as clinical manifestations of radicular syndrome caused by compression or inflammation of the nerve. It is usually possible to exclude neurogenic pathology with the help of a number of tests. Osteoarthritis of the hip joint necessarily differs from trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint, Bechterew's disease, reactive arthritis. To exclude autoimmune pathologies, biochemical studies of blood and synovial fluid are performed.

Treatment

To cope with arthrosis of the hip joint, it is necessary to choose a combined therapy.

General recommendations for daily routine and nutrition

In the initial stage of the pathology, the doctor advises to make lifestyle adjustments. This will help stop the pain and stop the progression of the disease. At this stage, it is usually enough to correct the lifestyle and stick to a special diet.

The doctor recommends that the patient perform special physical exercises. Equally important is the correction of the diet. If you are overweight, you should definitely lose weight. Increased stress on the joints will not make it possible to eliminate arthrosis.

The basis of the diet should be fish. You can also eat lean meat, legumes, green vegetables, thick bread. At the same time, it is recommended to abandon fried foods and fast foods. You should eat partially, in small portions.

Conservative therapy

Medical treatment is aimed at solving such problems:

• pain relief;
• normalization of tissue nutrition;
• stimulation of the regeneration process;
• improved blood circulation;
• pressure reduction in damaged areas;
• expansion of common space.

To solve these problems, you should use the following categories of drugs:

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs relieve pain and inflammation. However, they are not able to restore the affected cartilage.
2. Chondroprotectors. They provide the tissues with nutrients and stop the destruction of the joints, which helps to restore their functions.
3. Muscle relaxants. With the help of such funds, it is possible to eliminate muscle tissue spasms and normalize blood flow in the tissues.
4. Creams and ointments. Such funds activate blood flow and eliminate spasms.
5. Steroid hormones. These drugs are injected into the joint cavity. Thanks to this, it is possible to cope with the aggravation of the disease and eliminate severe pain.
6. Vasodilators. They contribute to the expansion of blood vessels in the joints and to the supply of tissues with useful substances.

Folk and alternative remedies

In addition to standard therapy, you can use the following tools:

1. Tinctures and decoctions for internal use. The basis of such funds can be lemon, mummy, honey, medicinal plants.
2. Ointment from natural ingredients. For their preparation, you can use eucalyptus oil, aloe, celandine.
3. Bath and compress. To stop the symptoms of arthrosis, compresses based on cabbage leaves and Jerusalem artichoke baths can be used.

Physiotherapy

In the remission phase, physiotherapy is actively used:

1. Shock wave therapy - in this case, the body is affected by sound waves, which ensure blood flow to the desired area. This improves the regeneration process of the dermis and stimulates metabolic processes.
2. Myostimulation - helps to restore the functioning of muscle tissue, which is weakening due to a forced decrease in motor activity.
3. Phonophoresis - under the influence of a special device, a special medicine in the form of an oil or cream is injected into the affected area.
4. Ozone therapy - reduces discomfort and activates cartilage development. This effect is achieved due to the influence of the ozone-oxygen composition.

Surgical methods

With the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy, surgical procedures are prescribed:

1. Drainage - is to pump excess fluid from the joint. Thanks to this, it is possible to stop the pain and normalize physical activity.
2. Arthroscopic debridement - involves cleaning the inner articular surface from cartilage elements and washing the cavity with a special solution.
3. Periarticular osteotomy – is an artificial fracture of the femur. After that, it is connected at another angle, which minimizes the load on the joints.
4. Endoprosthetics - in this case, the entire joint is replaced with a prosthesis.

It is impossible to restore cartilage tissue in a joint damaged by arthrosis without prosthetic surgery, but with the right approach to treatment, compliance with all medical prescriptions, maintaining the right lifestyle, performing therapeutic exercises, regular coursesmassage, taking vitamins and proper nutrition, you can stop the process of damage and destruction of cartilage and hip joints.

Orthopedic goods

A cane can be used to relieve stress on the hip joint. In some situations, a person is advised to use crutches.

Very often, people with this diagnosis are advised to wear a soft bandage. The use of an orthosis helps reduce the load on the affected area, protects it from dislocations and reduces physical activity.

effects

In the most difficult situation, a person becomes disabled, completely loses his ability to work and cannot lead an active lifestyle. This condition is very dangerous for the elderly. If you do not help a person, his life expectancy is significantly reduced.

prediction

Pathology has a favorable prognosis for life. In addition, the disease usually has a slow development. However, in some situations there is a risk of aseptic necrosis of the femur, which is life-threatening.

Osteoarthritis of the hip joint is a serious pathology that can cause a complete loss of motor activity. To avoid this, you should consult a doctor at the right time and follow his recommendations carefully.